Learning the friendly way

When learning about cryptocurrencies you're likely to come across the term "smart contracts". First popularised by Ethereum, smart contract functionality is now a regular feature among platforms that allow developers to build decentralized apps (dapps).

In this article, we're breaking down what smart contracts are, how smart contracts work, and where they came from.

What is a smart contract?

A smart contract is a digital agreement that executes based on the terms of the agreement. The terms are predetermined and written into the smart contract's code, ensuring that no edits can be made once the smart contract has been executed. As the smart contract is written using blockchain, the transactions are transparent and irreversible.

Due to the nature of these digital agreements, they can be carried out by two anonymous parties without the need for a third party/ central authority.

Smart contracts generally require payment for their creation, as the execution of the smart contract will require energy from the network. Ethereum smart contracts, for example, require gas fees in order to be created and executed, which are paid directly to the platform. The more complex the smart contract, the higher the gas fees. Other smart contracts will require payment in the digital assets utilized by the platform.

Smart contracts work because they are automated and utilize powerful decentralized technology.

Benefits of smart contracts

First and foremost, the biggest benefit of smart contracts is that they are trustworthy as they cannot be tampered with, nor can a third party intervene. So smart contracts cannot be hacked as they use blockchain technology to encrypt the information.

Smart contracts are cost-effective as they eradicate the middleman and save the users both time and fees that would otherwise come with them. Once certain criteria are met, smart contracts automatically execute, requiring no time delays, paperwork, or room for error. A smart contracts accuracy is determined by the accuracy of the coding used to create the smart contract.

many industries including insurance companies are using smart contracts to streamline and automate their business processes, including fulfilling legal obligations and managing financial transactions. By utilizing if-then statements, the insurance company can create smart contracts that automatically execute the insurance payment to policyholders when certain conditions are met. This can be used to process claims, pay out benefits, and manage other contracts in the same way.

How do smart contracts work?

Smart contracts are digital agreements built using blockchain. Developers looking to create a smart contract will need to utilize a blockchain platform that provides such functionality.

Determine agreement terms

Developers will first need to determine what the agreement terms are as well as the desired outcome. For example, one might create a smart contract that stipulates when 0.5 BTC is received by a certain digital assets wallet the code to a keypad on a property will be sent to the renter.

Determine conditions of agreement

Establish the conditions of the smart contract such as payment authorization or shipment receipt.

Write code

Using a smart contract writing platform, developers will write the code. This will then be sent to another team, such as an internal expert, for security testing.

Smart contracts deployed

Once approved, the code is then deployed on the blockchain platform. The smart contract will then be alerted to any event updates.

Smart contracts executed

Once the terms of the agreement are met and communicated to the blockchain through an oracle (a secure streaming data source), the smart contract will then automatically execute the desired outcome.

One might liken a smart contract to a digital vending machine. The terms of the agreement are understood by both parties involved prior to the transaction. Through an automated process, one party will input the initial criteria (the funds) and the predetermined outcome will be executed automatically (the selected goods will be released).

History of smart contracts

Smart contracts were first conceptualized by American computer scientist, Nick Szabo, the creator of the first digital money "Bit Gold", in 1998. He created them with the intention to digitize transaction methods to replace traditional contract and defined these smart contracts as "computerized transaction protocols that execute terms of a contract."

"These new securities are formed by combining securities (such as bonds) and derivatives (options and futures) in a wide variety of ways. Very complex term structures for payments can now be built into standardized contracts and traded with low transaction costs, due to computerized analysis of these complex term structures."

Szabo's concept remained purely theoretical until the invention of public blockchain technology, which provided the necessary infrastructure for storing and executing smart contracts. In recent years, smart contracts have been used in a variety of industries, including finance, real estate, and supply chain management. While there are still some security concerns with the technology, the use of smart contracts could further increase the efficiency and reliability of transactions.

Conclusion

Smart contracts are digital a contracts between two parties that are automatically executed once certain conditions are met without time delay. Built on the blockchain, smart contracts are immutable, irreversible, and transparent, and require no third parties. Smart contracts are written in varying programming languages dependant on the blockchain network on which they are created. This technology ensures that the smart contracts are implemented correctly.

The crypto industry can feel like it has a language of its own sometimes, so we're here to clear the air on the business of tickers. Tickers were first introduced to the trading world in the 19th century to make trading stock more efficient, listing merely an abbreviation of the company and not the full name. This concept was later adopted by the crypto industry too. In this article, we provide a guide to avoiding crypto ticker confusion.

What is a crypto ticker?

Crypto tickers are abbreviated forms of a cryptocurrency used to represent the coin on centralized and decentralized exchanges. For example, BTC is used for Bitcoin and ETH for Ethereum.

Can two cryptocurrencies have the same ticker?

As both cryptocurrencies will likely be searched for and traded on the same exchange, each will need its own ticker in order to differentiate from the other. It has however been witnessed that smaller coins have adopted a more prominent cryptocurrency's ticker in order to drive interest. This is often related to scam coins and should be considered a red flag. 

To simplify this guide we've broken it down into sections, covering tickers across payment focused cryptocurrencies, stablecoins, meme coins, development-focused platforms and a gaming platform.  ‍

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Payment-focused cryptocurrencies

Since Bitcoin was launched in 2009, many coins have followed in its footsteps, attempting to recreate a more efficient digital money. While this isn't a bad thing, there have been a number of digital assets adopting the word "Bitcoin" into their name which has caused a considerable amount of confusion. 

Here we take a look at the three most prominent payment-focused cryptocurrencies:

BTC - Bitcoin 

The first and biggest cryptocurrency in existence, Bitcoin is the most widely adopted coin to this day. 

LTC - Litecoin 

One of the most successful forks off of the Bitcoin blockchain, Litecoin provides fast and cheap transactions.

XRP - Ripple

XRP offers one of the fastest value transactions, challenging the SWIFT payment method with its blockchain functionalities. 

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Stablecoins

Stablecoins were created to combat the volatility that crypto markets have become known for. These coins are pegged to fiat currencies, ensuring that their value remains the equivalent to one unit at all times. Stablecoins have gained popularity since the launch of the DeFi movement, and both these coins are in the top 5 biggest cryptocurrencies based on market cap. 

USDC - USD Coin

USD Coin is pegged to the US dollar and was launched in 2018 by payment services company Circle and Coinbase.

USDT - Tether

Also pegged to the US dollar, Tether was launched by a Hong Kong-based company Tether in 2014. Tether is the first stablecoin to come into existence. 

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Meme Coins

Since the rise of Dogecoin, many cryptocurrencies have attempted to leverage the brand and incorporate the star Shiba Inu logo. Most of these coins have a minute market cap, so we'll focus on the two biggest ones, which are both currently positioned in the top 15 biggest cryptocurrencies based on market cap. 

DOGE - Dogecoin

The original meme token, Dogecoin was created in 2013 from a hard fork off of the Litecoin blockchain. Dogecoin remains the biggest meme token to date. 

SHIB - Shiba Inu

Leveraging the success of Dogecoin, Shiba Inu was launched in 2020 and provides a crypto ecosystem compared to Dogecoin's simple payment functionality. 

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Development-Focused Cryptocurrencies

Since the rise of Ethereum and the incredible innovation, it has provided a platform for, many other projects have launched a similar concept where developers can also create dapps. While they all share this common denominator, each project brings something unique to the table. 

ETH - Ethereum

The original development-focused platform, Ethereum was launched in 2015 and is the most widely used by developers. Often susceptible to high transaction fees, many other projects have attempted to rectify this problem. 

ADA - Cardano

Cardano was created by a co-founder of the Ethereum network and through rigorous academic research aims to provide a more streamlined platform on which developers can create blockchain-based applications.

DOT - Polkadot

Polkadot focuses on providing interconnectivity and interoperability between blockchains, allowing inoperable blockchains to exchange data and value.

LINK - Chainlink

Chainlink is an oracle network that allows smart contracts to connect with outside data, providing a "bridge" between blockchains and off-chain environments.

SOL - Solana

Solana is a high-performance blockchain that provides dapp and smart contract creation. Solana provides a faster and more cost-effective alternative to Ethereum.

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Gaming Platform

Last but not least, we'll also cover this metaverse-focused coin which functions to assist the inner workings of the virtual reality game of the same name. 

MANA - Decentraland

Launched in 2020, MANA operates as the in-house currency for players using the Decentraland platform. The coin can also be traded in the outside world on many popular exchanges. 

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An Informative Guide To Avoiding Crypto Ticker Confusion

We hope the guide above helps to dispel any crypto ticker confusion, particularly as you embark on your crypto investment journey. While the world waits for cryptocurrencies to become regulated, if you're looking to get in before this takes place, Tap provides a convenient, simple and secure solution to buy, sell and store cryptocurrencies.

All coins are displayed with their real-time price, allowing anyone, anywhere to obtain one of the digital currencies on offer using simply a bank transfer.

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In a world where dreams often seem out of reach, we find ourselves humbled and elated to share a remarkable achievement with all of you: Tap has reached an incredible milestone of 150,000 users and counting! Today, we take a moment to pause, reflect, and appreciate the extraordinary journey that has brought us here.

As we trace our steps back to the beginning, we are reminded of the countless hours, late nights, and tireless efforts poured into building something meaningful— Tap, a financial app that would make a difference in people's lives.

Our dedicated team of talented individuals, driven by a shared vision, embarked on this magical journey with a humble determination to reshape the future of finance.

Together, we faced challenges, learned from our mistakes, and celebrated small victories along the way. It was a journey filled with passion, resilience, and unwavering belief in the transformative power of our app. But we couldn't have come this far without the unwavering support and trust of our incredible user community.

To every single user who embraced Tap, believed in our mission, and allowed us to be a part of their financial lives, we express our deepest gratitude. Your feedback, enthusiasm, and inspiring stories have fueled our motivation and guided us on the path to improvement.

From the stories of individuals triumphing over debt, saving for their first homes, or pursuing their entrepreneurial dreams, we have witnessed the impact of our app in transforming lives. It is your dedication, commitment, and unwavering belief in our shared journey that has brought us to this momentous milestone.

But let us not rest on our laurels. As we celebrate this remarkable achievement, we look to the future with eager anticipation.

The landscape of finance is ever-evolving, and together, we have the power to shape its course. It is our collective responsibility to continue building a future of finance that is inclusive, empowering, and accessible to all.

As we navigate the uncharted territories ahead, we remain committed to listening, learning, and evolving. We will continue to harness our team's collective knowledge, passion, and expertise to bring you even more groundbreaking features, enhanced user experiences, and financial solutions that inspire and uplift.

With hearts full of gratitude and excitement, we celebrate this moment. To our dedicated team, our invaluable user community, and all the individuals who believe in our mission, we extend our deepest appreciation.

Together, let us forge ahead and build the future of finance that transforms lives and paves the way for countless new dreams to be realized.

When learning about paper wallets it's likely that you came across this option nestled safely in the “cold wallet” section in the different types of cryptocurrency wallets. While the popularity of paper wallets has somewhat declined, there are still a strong number of crypto enthusiasts that still appreciate the completely offline storage option. Let's explore what is a paper wallet and whether it's suited to your crypto needs.

What is a paper wallet?

For those needing a recap, a paper wallet is a piece of paper that holds both one’s public and private keys in both alphanumeric form and QR codes. Known as a non-custodial cold storage wallet, paper wallets allow the holders to manage their own private keys and remain entirely offline. A private key is a unique code that grants a user ownership of their wallet and digital funds, akin to a pin code for a bank account.

Creating paper wallets is incredibly simple, and can be completed in a matter of seconds. As a paper wallet "functions" offline, this makes them free from hackers, unlike a software wallet which is operated online. However, the paper wallet still carries its own set of risks in that the piece of paper cannot get damaged or lost.  Many Bitcoin paper wallets have been lost due to the paper fading or the information becoming illegible.

The objective of keeping a paper wallet is to keep the private key safe whether its for a Bitcoin paper wallet or one designed to hold any other cryptocurrency. Each crypto wallet will be designed to store one specific cryptocurrency.

The term Bitcoin wallet is a generic term for any type of crypto wallet, whether a paper wallet, a software wallet or any type of online wallet or hot wallet. The only distinguishing factor is that the digital wallet only holds Bitcoin.

Precautions for using paper wallets

While storing the paper wallet securely in a safe location makes the top of the list here, other precautions to take are listed below:

Quality printer

Always use a good quality printer. Ensure that your paper wallet is printed with a high-quality inkjet printed to ensure that the characters on the paper don’t fade or bleed over time. Should this happen you could lose access to your funds. 

Don’t share private keys

Never share your private keys with anyone. Paper wallets are designed to show the public key QR code on one side and the private key on the other. When sharing your public key with someone be sure not to accidentally share the private key as then they could gain access to your funds. 

Be sure to set up a change address

If you don't set up a change address before sending funds from a paper wallet, the leftover funds will go to waste. A change address is a separate wallet address that picks up the change from a transaction. 

If you have, for example, 100 BTC in your Bitcoin paper wallet and only spend 0.50 BTC, the remaining  99.5 BTC will either be sent to the change address or lost from your own paper wallet entirely. 

Paper wallets are not designed to be used for sending funds, but instead for receiving and storing funds for the long term. Hot wallets (as opposed to paper wallets) are better suited to users looking to frequently send and receive funds. There are plenty of crypto wallets on the market, ensure that you find the most convenient one for you.

Alternatively, funds can be stored in a yield-generating account where your funds can earn interest. Tap offers a wallet of this nature conveniently located on the app, which allows users to hold several crypto and fiat currencies and earn rewards based on each currency. The longer the funds remain there, the higher the yield.

While paper wallets remain offline, there are still risks associated with them. Be sure to adhere to the above precautions in order to keep your funds safe. 

Are paper wallets still relevant?

In the early days of crypto trading, paper wallets were strongly advised due to the offline safety of storing private keys. They began to be popular around the end of 2010 but unfortunately have been on a decline in more recent years as innovation in the industry has picked up momentum. A paper wallet is resistant to online attacks as long as it's made correctly; you can't hack a piece of paper.

In the past, people could create and print paper wallets for their crypto right from their exchange accounts. But now experts believe that hardware wallets are a more secure option, so most major exchanges don't offer this service anymore.

While some die-hard crypto traders still believe in the solid security of paper wallets, there are plenty of more innovative options available on the market today. 

The world of cryptocurrency is constantly evolving, as are the threats that come with it. As hackers and cybercriminals are always looking for new ways to steal or compromise digital assets, bank-grade security has become a vital component needed when engaging in custodial wallet solutions.

By implementing bank-grade security measures, platforms and services can ensure the safety and protection of customer funds, build trust and confidence with users, and attract new investors. 

The importance of bank-grade security in crypto custodial wallets

When it comes to cryptocurrencies, bank-grade security is crucial for any platform or service that provides custody or storage solutions for digital assets.

It involves a set of protocols, technologies, and procedures that are specifically designed to protect cryptocurrencies from theft, hacking, and other cyber-attacks.

In terms of custodial and non-custodial wallets, custodial wallets have a third-party manage the custody of a user's private keys, assuming responsibility for managing the private key, safeguarding assets, and signing transactions. As the responsibility is now shifted away from the user, it becomes increasingly important that the correct security measures are put in place.

At Tap, we understand the importance of bank-grade security in managing and storing cryptocurrencies. We are committed to providing our clients with the highest level of security measures to ensure the safety and protection of their crypto assets.

So what are the benefits of using bank-grade security when dealing with cryptocurrencies? Before we answer this let's first take a look at the difference between custodial and non-custodial wallets.

Custodial wallets vs non-custodial wallets

Custodial wallets and non-custodial wallets are two types of digital wallets used to store and manage cryptocurrencies. As mentioned above, custodial accounts are provided by third-party services, such as crypto exchanges or wallet providers, and they hold the private keys to the user's cryptocurrencies.

Non-custodial wallets, on the other hand, allow users to hold and manage their own private keys without the involvement of a third-party service.

In terms of security, custodial wallets have some advantages and disadvantages compared to non-custodial wallets. Custodial accounts offer convenience and ease of use, as the third-party service takes care of the security and management of the user's assets. This can be particularly helpful for beginners in the crypto space who may not have the technical knowledge or experience to manage their own wallets.

However, custodial accounts also come with some risks. Since the third-party service holds the private keys, users are essentially trusting the service to keep their assets secure. If the service provider is hacked or experiences a security breach, the user's assets could be lost or stolen. Hence the importance of these services implementing stringent security measures.

Non-custodial wallets such as hardware wallets, on the other hand, offer users complete control over their assets. In this case, the user holds the private key and has full control over their cryptocurrencies ensuring that they are stored and managed securely.

Non-custodial wallets can also be considered more private, as users are not required to share their personal information with a third-party service.

While non-custodial wallets hold one's crypto investments they typically do not provide the range of services offered by a third-party service provider.

Protecting your private keys with bank-grade security measures

First and foremost, bank-grade security offers a high level of protection against cyber threats. Cryptocurrencies are often considered a prime target for hackers and cybercriminals due to their decentralized nature and lack of regulation.

When using a custodial crypto wallet, the platform on which you are storing your cryptocurrencies is therefore responsible for your private key and responsible for keeping your personal information safe.

With bank-grade security measures in place, crypto assets are stored in secure offline wallets, protected by multi-layered encryption, and monitored 24/7 by a team of security experts. This significantly reduces the risk of theft or loss of cryptocurrencies from a crypto wallet.

How bank-grade security can attract institutional investors to crypto

In addition to protecting against cyber threats, bank-grade security also provides peace of mind for investors and traders. When dealing with traditional financial institutions, customers expect a certain level of security and protection for their assets. The same should be true for cryptocurrencies. By implementing bank-grade security measures, platforms and services can build trust and confidence with their customers.

Additionally, bank-grade security can help attract these investors to the world of cryptocurrency. Institutional investors, such as hedge funds and pension funds, often have strict requirements for custody and storage solutions. They need to know that their crypto wallet and assets are secure and protected from theft or loss.

By offering bank-grade security measures, platforms and services can appeal to these investors and open up new opportunities for growth and expansion.

The role of HSMs, multi-factor authentication, and encryption in crypto wallets

Investing in cryptocurrencies requires a high degree of security and protection, and bank-grade security measures are essential to ensure the safety and protection of crypto assets stored in crypto wallets. Hardware security modules (HSMs), multi-factor authentication, and encryption are three critical components of bank-grade security measures that play a significant role in protecting crypto wallets.

HSMs are specialized hardware devices that provide secure storage and management of cryptographic keys. They are designed to prevent unauthorized access to assets by requiring multiple layers of authentication and verification. HSMs are widely used in the financial industry and are considered one of the most secure methods for storing and managing cryptocurrencies.

Multi-factor authentication is another key component of bank-grade security. It involves requiring users to provide more than one form of authentication to access their crypto wallet. For example, a user may be required to enter a password and a one-time code sent to their mobile phone. This significantly reduces the risk of unauthorized access and ensures that only authorized users can access their custodial or non-custodial wallet.

Encryption is also a critical component of bank-grade security. It involves transforming assets into an unreadable format that can only be deciphered with a decryption key. This ensures that even if a hacker manages to access the custodial or non-custodial wallet, they will not be able to read or use them.

By implementing bank-grade security measures, platforms and custodial account services can ensure the safety and protection of their customers' crypto holdings, build trust and confidence, and attract investors.

Bank-grade security vs other types of security measures used by a crypto exchange

What makes bank-grade security different from other types of security measures is the combination of technology and protocols used to securely store the crypto wallet. Crypto exchanges typically implement bank-grade security solutions that include a combination of hardware and software-based security measures, such as HSMs, multi-factor authentication, and encryption.

Looking ahead, the importance of bank-grade security in the world of cryptocurrency exchanges is only going to increase. As more people adopt cryptocurrencies and the market continues to grow, the need for secure storage and custody solutions will become even more pressing. Platforms and custodial account services that can offer bank-grade security measures will be better positioned to compete and succeed in this rapidly evolving industry.

In conclusion

Bank-grade security is essential for anyone who wants to use cryptocurrencies safely and securely. It ensures the protection of custodial wallets and instills a degree of trust in those utilizing the custodial wallets on offer.

Whether you're an investor, trader, or simply someone who wants to store your assets, bank-grade security measures provide peace of mind and protection against cyber threats through implementing strong security measures. At Tap, we take security very seriously and are committed to providing our customers with the highest level of protection for their assets and crypto wallets.

Considering going on a last-minute travel adventure? While we’ve been programmed to think that last-minute travel equates to more expensive, this isn’t necessarily always the case. In this article, we’re dishing out the top 5 last-minute travel tips and ways in which you can score big and tap into great last-minute travel deals. 

From tips on how to google flights to finding hotel rooms with perks and everything else you might need for your last-minute bookings, we've got you covered right here.
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1) Be flexible

Flexibility is key to saving on any last-minute travel needs you may have. And the number one way of doing so is by being f.l.e.x.i.b.l.e.

Whether it’s with your travel dates, flight times, or destination, flexibility can save you a lot of money in the long run. Accommodation and flight prices depend on a plethora of factors such as whether it's in-season or off-season, if you're only looking at popular destinations, or if there are events taking place nearby at the same time, i.e. a conference.

Be sure to check out a range of options before deciding on a specific date and time, just a day’s difference can equate to hundreds of dollars. You might end up surprised by how much money you can save on your last-minute travel adventure by just going with the flow.
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2) Fly wise, fly cheap

The most significant savings come from hotel deals and package deals—not airplane tickets. Flight prices usually go up in cost as the date of departure gets closer, but there is hope for last-minute travel deals. If you want to fly out of town within the same week that you book your seats, try buying your tickets on a Sunday or Tuesday, airlines frequently discount their fares on these days and offer the best deals.

You'll be saving some decent money by avoiding flying on Fridays and Mondays as fares are expected to be higher since they're the most popular days for weekend travelers. Opt for mid-week travel if possible.

Another top tip that many individuals are unaware of is that their browser keeps track of the terms they search for on a regular basis. If the platform notices that someone is searching for anything related to holidays or last-minute flights, the price will rise.

To avoid paying more for the same thing, make sure to open your browser in an incognito window before you google flights and thus prevent being tracked or leaving a history of your searches. The same applies to airline websites and online travel agencies. Not just a last-minute travel hack, but one to use across all varieties of travel.
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3) Be on the lookout for perks

If you're looking for a more affordable way to vacation, then pay attention to the perks and benefits offered by travel companies and accommodations, especially when it comes to last-minute travel. Consider booking accommodation that includes free breakfast and/or complimentary parking, every little bit helps. 

You will be surprised at how much money some of these perks can save! For instance: free breakfast could save you about $20 to $25 per day while parking can easily range from anything between $30 to $45 a day if you opt to get a rental car.

Always do the math before deciding if a specific accommodation is worth it. Check out platforms like Booking.com, Travago, and a specific hotel website you like for the best deals and last-minute travel options, as well as travel apps for any last-minute deals.
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4) Read the fine print

When it comes to a last-minute trip, be aware of the fine print when booking your flight, adventure, or accommodation. Make sure to read up on their cancellation policies as many airlines now offer relaxed rules for changing plans at short notice which means you may be able to change dates without penalty if necessary.

While last-minute deals and spontaneity are exciting, sometimes life has a way of getting in the way so be sure to know the specific terms of your flights and hotels.
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5) Prep like a pro

If you're looking to travel on a budget, there's more to think about than just withdrawing cash from an ATM. With a little planning ahead, you can become a savvy traveler and save yourself some money - even with last-minute travel!

Many of us have been abroad and had to pay outrageous ATM and credit card fees. And all because we didn’t do our research and plan ahead. By taking your Tap card with you, you’ll save a substantial amount of money on your ATM withdrawal fees and foreign exchange fees thanks to its low to zero fees plans compared to that of traditional banks. 

All operated through the app, you can stay up to date on your transaction history and your balances in real-time, and easily - and instantly - transfer funds between accounts. The card also allows you to swipe at merchants worldwide and make quick payments no matter where in the world you might be.

It's also worth doing your research on whether the place you are traveling to prefers guests paying cash or if it is more card transaction based. You would hate to have to travel around with a wad of cash that is difficult to get rid of.

Be wise

Booking for a honeymoon, anniversary, or simply a romantic getaway? Last-minute travel might not be appropriate for you if you’re set on a particular type of accommodation at a particular location or must go during specific travel dates. 

If everything has to be in harmony with your plans, we would strongly recommend you book ahead of time instead of opting for a last-minute trip. You wouldn’t want to cut corners to save money on your once-in-a-lifetime memories. 

Travel smart to travel far

Embrace all that life has to offer by exploring different corners of the globe and get more bang for your buck with these 5 travel tips. From saving a few bucks here and there, you could end up saving big on your last-minute trip.

Be sure to switch to incognito mode and start searching for your dream holiday, it might be just around the corner!