Learning the friendly way

The holiday season, with all its glitter, cheer and tradition, can sometimes feel like a whirlwind of emotions and expenses. Between those persuasive commercials and the relentless social media ads and influencers, it can feel like an added pressure on your finances that you just don’t have the energy to fight off at the end of the year.

But fret not, taming holiday spending isn't as tricky as wrapping a bowling ball, even if your loved ones are living it up in the holiday splurge zone while you're in the "I'm on a budget" Santa hat.

We’re here to help you sleigh the festive season without sending your bank account into winter hibernation. Here are five realistic financial boundaries to implement with friends and family this festive season. 

Create a budget

Who could have predicted this? Well, it's not exactly breaking news, but a well-crafted budget is your trusty reindeer reins. And no, it's not here to rain on your festive parade, it's the voice of reason when things get a little too merry.

Planning a holiday budget may not sound like a barrel of laughs, but trust us, it's the key to unlocking financial serenity this season. Here's your step-by-step guide to make it a tad more enjoyable:

Step one: Snuggle up with your favourite holiday treat and get comfy. Plot out your budget, factoring in gifts, decorations, travel, and entertainment.

Step two: Be brutally honest with yourself about your spending limits and keep expectations in check. Keep it realistic, and don’t ignore your January Voice of Reason.

Step three: Now, manage and follow your budget as if your life depended on it. It's your financial GPS, steering you away from the treacherous cliffs of overspending. Be in the business of staying disciplined, and both your wallet and future self will be singing your praises.

Be picky with your social calendar

Finding the right balance during the holiday season can be a bit tricky, especially if you're the life of the party who never turns down a chance to celebrate. While holiday gatherings are undeniably fun, they can also put a strain on your wallet, what with buying gifts or splurging on new outfits for every Friendsgiving or seasonal bash on your invite list.

So, what's the secret sauce? Simple, really: set a cap on how many events you'll attend, and fill your calendar with wallet-friendly or no-cost activities. 

Think about hosting a cosy Christmas cocktail night at home instead of hitting up pricy holiday pop-up bars, enjoying potluck dinners at friends instead of eating out, or even just swapping holiday-themed books with your pals. These options let you savour the holiday spirit without breaking the bank.

Propose a gift swap instead of playing Santa to all

The fastest way to empty your pockets during the festive season? Showering gifts on everyone you adore. It's undeniably heartwarming, as the holidays are all about giving, but if your mission is to rescue your finances, it's crucial to stick to that budget.

Here's the savvy play: suggest a group gift exchange like Secret Santa or White Elephant, where each person is responsible for a single present. This gem of an idea works wonders, especially if you're accustomed to playing Santa for your entire office or friend gang, at the cost of any good times in January.

Now, we get it. Your love language might be gift-giving and holding back your desire to gift everyone can be challenging. However, it'll save you a ton of money in the long run. Bonus? You might discover that you can give a more heartfelt gift when you're not fretting over multiple purchases or chasing down the perfect presents for everyone. Happier you, happier everyone.

Embrace the cash or debit approach

Taming the holiday spending frenzy calls for some clever tactics. Swap that tempting credit card for cash or a trusty debit card when you head off on your festive shopping adventures. With this approach, you'll stick to spending only what's safely nestled in your bank account.

It's like Santa himself keeping a watchful eye on your wallet, ensuring you don't venture into the land of overspending. When you physically see those bills leave your hand or the numbers dip in your account, it becomes a tangible reminder to stay within your budget. 

So, this holiday season, let your cash or debit card be your financial guardian and keep the festivities merry without the budget hangover.

Master the art of responsible online shopping

Last but not least, yes, online shopping is still spending. The allure of online deals and discounts can be irresistible, leading to overspending in the blink of an eye. To conquer this digital shopping realm, establish a strict limit on your online purchases and banish impulsive buying tendencies.

But there's more: declutter your inbox by unsubscribing from those tempting promotional emails. It's like building a fortress around your financial willpower. With fewer temptations, you're less likely to get lured into spontaneous shopping sprees.

Final thoughts

Navigating the holiday whirlwind without emptying your pockets is doable. Craft a budget, stick to it, and then lean into the festivities around you. Sticking to these boundaries will not only protect your mental health but also ensure a festive season filled with cheer, not financial stress. Because, after all, aren’t Aunt Linda’s questions about what you’re doing with your life stressful enough?

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Imagine you have euros in your wallet but need to spend dollars at a store. You'd need to exchange your currency first, right? Wrapped crypto works in a similar way, but for blockchain assets.

Wrapped cryptocurrency is a tokenised version of another crypto asset that lives on a different blockchain. Think of it as your original crypto asset wearing an outer layer that lets it work on another blockchain network. For example, Bitcoin can't naturally function on the Ethereum network because they're separate systems with different rules. 

But by "wrapping" Bitcoin, you get a token that represents Bitcoin's value while being compatible with Ethereum's ecosystem.

This seemingly simple innovation has become a cornerstone of decentralised finance (DeFi), allowing assets to move between otherwise isolated blockchain ecosystems and unlocking billions of dollars in cross-chain liquidity.

How wrapped crypto works

The wrapping process involves three key elements: custodians, merchants, and smart contracts.

Here's how it typically works:

1. Deposit: You send your original cryptocurrency (like Bitcoin) to a custodian—an entity or smart contract that holds your assets safely.
2. Minting: Once the custodian confirms receipt of your deposit, they mint an equivalent amount of wrapped tokens (like WBTC) on the target blockchain.
3. Release: These newly created wrapped tokens are then sent to your wallet on the new blockchain, ready to use.

When you want your original tokens back, you simply reverse the process—a procedure called "unwrapping" or "burning":

1. Return: You send your wrapped tokens back to the custodian.
2. Burn: The wrapped tokens are destroyed (burned).
3. Release: The equivalent amount of the original cryptocurrency is returned to your wallet.

This process ensures a 1:1 backing between wrapped tokens and their underlying assets, similar to how stablecoins maintain their value through reserves. For every wrapped Bitcoin (WBTC) in circulation, there's one real Bitcoin held in reserve by a custodian.

Benefits of wrapped crypto

Cross-chain compatibility

The most obvious benefit is interoperability. Wrapped tokens allow assets from one blockchain to participate in activities on completely different networks. Bitcoin holders can participate in Ethereum-based DeFi without selling their Bitcoin, while Ethereum users can access the value and liquidity of Bitcoin without leaving their preferred ecosystem.

Expanded DeFi possibilities

Before wrapped tokens, assets like Bitcoin were essentially locked out of the booming DeFi space. Now, billions of dollars worth of previously idle assets can earn yields, serve as collateral for loans, or provide liquidity to trading pools.

Enhanced functionality

When assets like Bitcoin get wrapped as ERC-20 tokens on Ethereum, they gain new capabilities:

• Smart contract interaction: Bitcoin doesn't natively support complex smart contracts, but wrapped Bitcoin on Ethereum can interact with any Ethereum smart contract.
• Faster settlements: Bitcoin transactions typically take about 10 minutes to confirm, while Ethereum transactions complete in seconds or minutes, making wrapped Bitcoin potentially more practical for everyday transactions.

Liquidity boosts

By making assets usable across multiple blockchains, wrapped tokens significantly increase market liquidity. The same value can now participate in various ecosystems without being split across different platforms.

Common types of wrapped tokens

Wrapped Bitcoin (WBTC)

The most popular wrapped token by market cap, WBTC brings Bitcoin's massive value onto the Ethereum blockchain. Each WBTC is backed by one Bitcoin held in reserve. This has allowed billions of dollars worth of Bitcoin to participate in Ethereum's DeFi ecosystem.

Wrapped Ether (WETH)

Interestingly, even Ethereum's native currency (Ether) has a wrapped version. Why? The original Ethereum token (ETH) predates the ERC-20 standard that most Ethereum tokens follow. WETH makes ETH compatible with dapps that require the standard ERC-20 format.

Other Notable Wrapped Assets

As cross-chain functionality becomes increasingly important, we're seeing more wrapped versions of various assets:

• Wrapped AVAX (WAVAX) on Ethereum
• Wrapped UST (Terra stablecoin) on various chains
• Wrapped tokens of various layer-1 cryptocurrencies

How to use wrapped tokens in DeFi

Lending and borrowing

Platforms like Aave, Compound, and MakerDAO allow users to deposit wrapped assets as collateral to borrow other cryptocurrencies. This means you can leverage your Bitcoin holdings to access stablecoins or other tokens without selling your BTC.

Liquidity provision

Decentralised exchanges like Uniswap and SushiSwap rely on liquidity providers to enable trading. By providing wrapped tokens to these liquidity pools, users can earn trading fees and additional rewards.

For example, the WBTC/ETH pool on Uniswap has consistently been one of the largest liquidity pools, enabling billions in trading volume between Bitcoin and Ethereum.

Yield farming

Many DeFi protocols offer incentives for users who provide liquidity or lend assets. Wrapped tokens allow users to participate in these "yield farming" opportunities across multiple blockchains, potentially maximising returns.

Risks involved

Custodial risks

Most wrapped tokens rely on custodians to hold the original assets, introducing an element of centralisation and trust. If the custodian is compromised or acts maliciously, your wrapped tokens could become worthless.

For instance, WBTC relies on BitGo as its primary custodian. While BitGo maintains high security standards, this represents a potential single point of failure in an otherwise decentralised system.

Smart contract vulnerabilities

Wrapped tokens, like all blockchain assets involving smart contracts, face potential security risks. Bugs or exploits in the smart contracts governing wrapped tokens could lead to fund losses.

Minting and redemption friction

The process of wrapping and unwrapping tokens often involves fees, waiting periods, and minimum amounts. These friction points can make wrapped tokens less practical for smaller transactions or quick trades.

Bridge attacks

Cross-chain bridges, which facilitate the creation of many wrapped tokens, have been frequent targets for hackers. Several high-profile attacks have resulted in millions of dollars in losses.

The future of wrapped tokens

Decentralised wrapping mechanisms

The industry is moving toward more decentralised wrapping processes that reduce reliance on centralised custodians. Projects like tBTC and renBTC are exploring new models where custody is distributed among multiple parties or managed entirely by smart contracts.

Multi-chain integration

As blockchain ecosystems evolve toward greater interoperability, wrapped tokens are likely to play a crucial role in creating seamless experiences across multiple chains. Users may eventually interact with different blockchains without even realising they're using wrapped assets behind the scenes.

Standardisation and regulation

As wrapped tokens become more integrated into mainstream finance, we can expect more standardised practices and potentially increased regulatory attention, particularly around reserve verification and consumer protection.

Bridging the blockchain islands

Wrapped tokens have essentially built bridges between previously isolated blockchain islands, creating a connected DeFi landscape where assets flow freely across networks. They give users remarkable flexibility – allowing them to use Solana's speed while accessing Ethereum's rich application environment.

While these tokens solve major interoperability challenges, it's worth remembering their trade-offs. The centralized custody model goes against blockchain's decentralization principles, and security risks exist.

Though we'll eventually see more sophisticated cross-chain solutions emerge, wrapped tokens currently serve as the vital connectors powering our increasingly interconnected crypto economy.

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We’re excited to share some great news with our UK community and GBP users! 

Starting today, Tap has reintroduced GBP bank transfer deposits for all users. This makes it simpler than ever to fund your account and and dive into the world of crypto.

What’s New?

✅ GBP Bank Transfers Are Back!
After a brief pause, UK users can once again deposit funds seamlessly via bank transfers. This highly requested feature is now live, giving you more flexibility to top up your Tap account instantly. 

✅ A Boost for A Large Part Of Our User Base
UK customers have always been a driving force behind Tap’s growth, accounting for a large part of the platform activity. With bank transfers reinstated, we anticipate even greater engagement, trading, and spending—helping to fuel momentum across the entire Tap ecosystem.

✅ Frictionless Crypto Access
Combine your GBP deposits with instant crypto conversions and spend globally using your Tap Mastercard. This is all part of our mission to seamlessly bridge traditional finance and blockchain innovation.

Why This Matters

In recent months, UK users were limited to card deposits. Now, with bank transfers back, we’re unlocking:

• Higher deposit limits for serious traders.
• Reduced fees compared to card transactions.
• Faster funding to take advantage of crypto market opportunities.

December 2023 proved Tap’s resilience—we hit a record £451k in monthly revenue even without full GBP transfer access. Now, with this critical feature restored, the possibilities are even greater! 

‍Words from Our CEO

‍Arsen Torosian, CEO of Tap, shared:
“Reinstating GBP bank transfers reignites a key growth engine for Tap. UK users are our most active community, and this upgrade empowers them to move faster in today’s surging crypto markets. December’s record revenue was just the beginning—we’re now poised to scale rapidly.” What’s Next?

• Update your Tap app to start using GBP bank transfers today.
• Share the news! Tag a friend who’s been waiting for this feature.
• Stay tuned for more upgrades as we roll out new tools to enhance your financial freedom.
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Join the Conversation! Follow us on X (Twitter) and LinkedIn for real-time updates.
Ready to get started? 📲 Download the app

Etherscan is a free and widely used blockchain explorer that allows anyone to see any transactions made on the Ethereum platform. Not just transactions, blocks, gas fees, wallet addresses, smart contracts, and other on-chain data can be found on the page. Learn more about what Etherscan is and how it works below.

What is Etherscan?

As mentioned above, Etherscan is an Ethereum-based blockchain explorer. Aside from offering a peek into the advantages of blockchain technologies, Etherscan also provides an insightful look at the status of transactions, gas fees, smart contracts and dapp content. Etherscan is the tool that leverages blockchain's transparent nature.

Acting as a search engine and source of blockchain information, one doesn't need an account to access anything. However, users can create an account in order to access extra functionalities associated with their Ethereum portfolio, such as developer tools, enabling notifications for incoming transactions, and creating data feeds. Whether you're investing in a dapp, monitoring a wallet, or depositing funds to a blockchain-based game, all activity can be tracked through this browser-based service.

Why is Etherscan popular?

Etherscan is the most widely used Ethereum blockchain explorer and is highly regarded in the industry due to its seamless experience. While it won't allow you to store or trade ETH, it offers a reliable look into the functioning of the network, blockchain analytics and all Ethereum and Ethereum-based token activity.

Using Etherscan also provides a better understanding of how the blockchain works, providing insights into its operations and potential ability to spot suspicious blockchain activity (like project leaders selling their tokens, or large whale movements that will affect the token's price). 

How to use Etherscan

Whether you're wanting to look up a transaction or verify the validity of a smart contract, you can use Etherscan. Below we will guide you through how to look up a transaction.

How To Find A Transaction On Etherscan

Understanding how to track your transactions can be a powerful tool in the world of cryptocurrency, from seeing how many confirmations it has gone through to the amount of gas fees paid. 

Each transaction on the blockchain is given a transaction ID (TXID) or transaction hash which identifies the specific transaction (similar to a person's identity number). It looks something like this: 

0x3349ea4144aed83291f87b3904b02f8f1e76c3b5bfed0d95a000fafddaed01bc

In order to get the real-time updates on a transaction, you will need to enter this TXID into the space provided on the Etherscan website. 

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It will then display all the information pertaining to this transaction, as below:

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See our breakdown of the terminology below.

Etherscan terminology

Transaction Hash: the TXID associated with your particular transaction.

Status: status of your transaction (in progress, failed, successful) 

Block: the number of the block that your transaction was included in (block confirmations indicate the number of blocks that have followed since then). 

Timestamp: the date and time that this transaction was executed.

From: the wallet address that the transaction was sent from

To: the wallet address or smart contract receiving the transaction.

Value: the value of the transaction.

Transaction Fee: the gas fees or transaction fees paid.

Gas Price: the cost per unit of gas at the time of the transaction execution (displayed in Ether and Gwei).

How to Find gas prices on Etherscan

When using the Ethereum network you will be required to pay gas fees in order to conduct any activity. Gas fees are assigned to blocks and fluctuate depending on how busy the network is at the time. 

Etherscan provides a Gas Tracker which observes the current gas prices and indicates how busy the network is at the time. 

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In conclusion

Etherscan is a great tool for anyone using Ethereum or any other cryptocurrencies relating to its ecosystem. From confirming transactions to checking gas prices, this tool provides a great oversight of the network, highlighting the transparent benefits of using digital assets.

The financial landscape well and truly changed after Bitcoin was released in 2009. The new digital cash system took the financial power away from banks and government entities and put it back into the hands of the people. While Bitcoin has become a household name over the last decade, the creator still remains a mystery. Let's take a deeper dive into one of the biggest mysteries of the modern world.  

The Bitcoin solution

Before we plunge into the mysteries of the anonymous entity behind this century's greatest invention, let us first highlight the revolutionary product that is Bitcoin. The electronic payment system was first introduced to the world in late 2008 by a certain Satoshi Nakamoto. 

The character seemingly came from the abyss and presented to the world a solution to the global financial crisis that caused widespread disruption. This solution was in the form of a digital currency and used blockchain technology to facilitate, maintain and operate the network. 

Nakamoto did not invent blockchain technology, instead, he improved on several issues like the double-spending problem. The technology was originally created to facilitate file sharing although was hindered by that issue. Today, blockchain technology has a wide range of use cases and is being implemented in industries around the world, far beyond just the crypto and financial fields. 

Bitcoin remains the biggest cryptocurrency to this day, with over 17,500 alternative cryptocurrencies and counting. At the time of writing the industry is worth just over $2.2 trillion, although it reached highs of $2.968 trillion in November 2021. No asset in the history of the world has gone on to achieve such success in such a short space of time. 

What we know about Satoshi Nakamoto

While we know the name Satoshi Nakamoto, it remains to be known who is behind the pseudonym. This person or entity released the Bitcoin whitepaper in October 2008 to a group of cryptographers and shortly afterwards created the BitcoinTalk forum and Bitcoin.org website. 

Two months later, the first block on the Bitcoin network was mined, known as the Genesis block, with the caption "The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks." It was mined that same day.

Stephan Thomas, a BitcoinTalk Forum member, mapped out when Nakamoto posted on forums to get an indication of what time zone he might live in. The results showed that he was least active during 6h00 to 11h00 GMT, suggesting that should he sleep at night (not a given for developers) that would place him in a time zone somewhere between GMT -5 to GMT -7, somewhere in the Americas.

During 2010, Nakamoto was an active member of the Bitcoin community. He worked on building Bitcoin's protocol and often collaborated and communicated with other developers. Then, towards the end of the year, he strangely handed over the keys and codes to another active developer, Gavin Andresen, and transferred the domains he had created to other members of the community. By the end of the year, he seemed to have cut ties with the project.

Before all but vanishing, the last trace of communication we know of from Satoshi Nakamoto was a message to Mike Hearn, another developer, on 23 April 2011, that read: "I've moved on to other things. It's in good hands with Gavin and everyone." And just as abruptly as Bitcoin had entered the world, Nakamoto left it.

Who could be behind the anonymous entity? 

While many people have been suspected of being Satoshi Nakamoto, there is yet to be enough evidence to convince everyone else. Over the years, many journalists have tried to lift the veil, and again, to no avail. For over a decade, the world has been left wondering who is behind the anonymous name, and why would they not come forward?

The biggest contenders for the mystery person have been Hal Finney, Nick Szabo, and Dave Kleiman, who have all denied this. One man, Craig Wright, has come forward to claim to be Satoshi Nakamoto, however, the industry remains unconvinced (along with a judge in a recent legal battle that played out in a British court).

Hal Finney

Hal Finney is a computer scientist who had previously tried to create a digital cash system. Finney is noted as being one of the earliest people interested in Bitcoin, with the first transaction taking place between Satoshi Nakamoto's wallet and Finney's. 

Finney also lived in the same town as Dorian Satoshi Nakamoto, a Japanese man who was hunted by the media when they assumed they had found the "real" identity. Finney passed away in August 2014. 

Nick Szabo

Nick Szabo is credited with having tried to create a digital cash system prior to Bitcoin's launch, releasing BitGold in 1998. He also coined the name "smart contracts". The cryptographer and computer scientist was listed as the most likely person to be Satoshi Nakamoto following a study done in 2014 by a group of students and researchers at Aston University who conducted a thorough linguistics analysis on all previous communication. 

Dave Kleiman

Dave Kleiman was a computer forensics expert whose name has come up plenty of times, largely thanks to Craig Wright. Kleiman's estate sued Wright over claims that they had invented Bitcoin together and had access to a large, shared amount of BTC. He died broke and in squalor in 2013.

Craig Wright

The Australian computer scientist and businessman has gone to great lengths to claim to be Satoshi Nakamoto, however, has provided little to no evidence. These claims have been unequivocally disregarded by the Bitcoin community. 

The mystery remains unsolved

Perhaps the biggest irony of all, is that the technology is entirely trustless and operates with the work of thousands of nodes who don't know each other. All we know is that whoever it was/they are, they revolutionised the world as we know it and have left us with some sort of extraordinary.

When it comes to investing in crypto, many people think about either mining cryptocurrencies or buying them outright on a crypto exchange. But what about those who want more control over their digital wallet? For the everyday crypto-investors, there's a viable cost-free alternative to earning more crypto: staking also known as "coins staking." Crypto staking allows you to generate more cryptocurrencies using your crypto holdings.

There are many new terms entering the financial world, but staking may be one of them that you should know. What exactly is it? Crypto staking is a relatively new concept that has the potential to revolutionize how we invest in cryptocurrency.

While it may appear complex at first, learning about the benefits of crypto-staking can help you make more educated decisions when investing in cryptocurrency.

In this article, you'll learn the ins and outs of staking. We've broken it down so that even if your experience level with cryptocurrencies is at beginner or below, you'll be able to start staking yourself. Let's get started!

What Is Staking?

Staking crypto is the process of locking crypto assets in a wallet to earn rewards. Doing so allows users to contribute to verifying transactions and building consensus on blockchain networks.

The procedures for validating cryptocurrency are known as "proof-of-stake" or "proof-of-work" depending on the sort of the cryptocurrency you're dealing with and the technologies that support it. Each of these methods aids blockchain networks in achieving consensus, or confirmation that all transaction data agrees.

It also requires participants to make that consensus possible. Staking is the act of investors who keep their cryptocurrency in their crypto wallet and actively participate in network consensus-making processes. Stakers, in essence, are approving, verifying and confirming transactions on the blockchain.

In crypto staking, coin holders can lock up their coins (staking) for some time period from hours to years in exchange for stakes back from the platform or network.

Staking crypto can be passive income generating - crypto holders who stake their coins will receive rewards for helping validate transactions on blockchain networks, often through an interest system similar to that of traditional fiat currency.

How does crypto staking work?

For the investor, crypto staking is a passive process. When a Staker stakes its assets (that is, leaves them in their crypto wallet), the network may utilize those assets to create new blocks on the blockchain.

The block's information is "written" into it, and the investor's assets are used to validate it. Because coins already contain "baked-in" data from the blockchain, they may be utilized as validators. The Staker is then rewarded financially for allowing his or her tokens to be used as validators by the network.

The pros and cons of Staking.

Because staking crypto is a passive investment, there are virtually close to no disadvantages. However, it's important to consider the block rewards earned by staking coins you own, as well as cryptocurrency's volatility in general—if the value of the coin drops, so does the value of your staking interest earned.

Is crypto staking profitable?

The advantage of staking is that anyone can make returns from it, with various yearly returns rates, staking is an easy way to generate passive income.

Staking is a type of passive income similar to stock dividends. It only requires you to keep the proper assets in the right location for a specific length of time. Compound interest will enhance the earnings potential over time as long as a user stakes their coins.

The value of the coin being staked must also be considered. Assuming this value stays constant or rises, staking may be profitable. However, if the price of the coin falls, profits could rapidly diminish. If you don't want to risk a downward trend in volatility.

Closing thoughts

Staking is a method for earning rewards using your cryptocurrency assets or coins. It's comparable to generating interest on cash savings or receiving dividends on stock possessions.

Stakers allow their cryptocurrency/cash to be used in the blockchain validation process and are compensated by the network for its use. Staking may provide a new way for crypto investors or currency holders to generate returns.