Learning the friendly way

Kyber Network was launched in 2018 with the aim of being the main liquidity hub for the DeFi space. KyberSwap is the platform's interface, a decentralized exchange (DEX) aggregator that provides convenient and secure value exchange within the crypto market. Overall, the Kyber Network platform provides a smooth token-swapping experience while boosting earnings for liquidity providers. 

What is Kyber Network (KNC)?

Kyber Network is a decentralized multi-chain liquidity hub that provides instant, secure transactions on any decentralized application (dapp). Its main goal is to provide deep liquidity pools that offer the best rates for DeFi dapps, decentralized exchanges (DEXs), and other users. Kyber Network is built on the Ethereum blockchain and makes use of intricate smart contracts.

KyberSwap is its flagship DEX aggregator and liquidity platform. KyberSwap sources liquidity from multiple DEXes to provide the best swap rates for traders in DeFi. KyberSwap is decentralized and permissionless, allowing users to conduct transactions on any of its supported 12 chains, including Ethereum and Binance Smart Chain. 

Kyber Network seeks to solve the liquidity issue in the DeFi industry by allowing developers to build products and services using the platform's protocol, while KyberSwap acts as the trustless trading platform that also provides rewards for liquidity providers. With over $1 billion in total volume from over 1 million user transactions, Kyber Network is a growing player in the DeFi space.

Kyber Network's governance structure is managed by holders of its native Kyber Network Crystals (KNC) token through a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) called KyberDAO. This allows KNC token holders to have a say in the network's decision-making processes and contribute to its development and growth.

Who created Kyber Network?

Kyber Network was founded by Loi Luu, Victor Tran, and Yaron Velner in 2017. The project created 226 million KNC tokens, most of which were sold to buyers and investors during its initial coin offering. This raised Kyber Network 200,000 ETH (roughly $50 million at the time) to launch the platform. The protocol went live on the Ethereum blockchain in February 2018, with Vitalik Buterin as an advisor. 

In October 2017, the Kyber Network burned over 10 million KNC tokens, bringing the maximum supply down to roughly 215 million KNC.

Victor Tran is the current CEO of Kyber Network, while Loi Luu is the current Chairman. Yaron Velner stepped down as CTO in October 2019 but remains as an advisor. The Kyber team has over 50 employees globally, and its headquarters is in Singapore, with a large presence in Vietnam.

How does Kyber Network work?

Kyber Network is a decentralized protocol that enables users to instantly trade tokens without intermediaries. KyberSwap is the user interface for Kyber Network, with two protocols: Classic and Elastic. 

Classic features the Dynamic Market Maker (DMM) protocol and the Amplification (AMP) programmable price curve. Elastic is a tick-based AMM (automated market maker) with concentrated liquidity, allowing liquidity providers to specify the price range for adding liquidity and earn fees for swaps processed at a specific price. 

KyberSwap also has features like the Reinvestment Curve, multiple fee tiers, JIT Protection, and liquidity mining farms. The Kyber Network aggregates liquidity from various sources into a single liquidity pool on its network, and anyone can provide liquidity. The protocol is integrated into dApps (decentralized applications), DeFi (decentralized finance) platforms, and crypto wallets, enabling users to utilize any Kyber Network-supported token and allowing platforms to receive payment in their preferred token. 

The Kyber Network protocol relies on reserves to provide liquidity for its decentralized exchange platform, KyberSwap. When a user initiates a trade, the platform searches for available reserves to find the best available rate being offered by takers. 

There are three main types of reserves: Price Feed Reserves (PFR), Automated Price Reserves (APR), and Bridge Reserves. PFRs use price feeds to calculate conversion rates using smart contracts acting as an alternative to market makers, APRs provide rates for available crypto assets through smart contracts, and Bridge Reserves access other decentralized exchanges to deepen liquidity. 

Previously, reserves were required to participate in the Kyber protocol by staking KNC to pay for network fees, but a recent upgrade removed this requirement, making it easier for reserves to participate. Kyber Network collects fees in ETH, with a portion of them going to reserves based on the amount of liquidity they provide.

The reserves model is a critical component of KyberSwap, enabling the platform to offer fast and competitive token trading services to its users.

What is the Kyber Network Crystal (KNC) token?

Kyber Network Crystal (KNC) is the native coin for the platform and acts as both a utility and governance token. Users can stake it to vote on upgrades and policies or delegate their tokens to other validators and earn a portion of the block reward. 

Users who stake KNC receive rewards in ETH, and network fees paid in KNC will be burned over time, gradually reducing its supply. KNC holders can participate in the DAO and governance proposals by staking their assets or delegating their vote. 

They can also earn liquidity-mining rewards by staking their tokens in eligible Rainmaker farming pools or participating in various activities such as Trading Contest, Gleam Giveaway, and AMAs.

How can I buy KNC tokens?

Tap's mobile app offers a user-friendly platform for users to purchase, trade, and safely store Kyber Network's KNC token in an integrated wallet. The app supports a variety of cryptocurrencies and fiat currencies, which can be used for buying and selling KNC tokens. The app also makes use of a smart router which finds the best Kyber Network price at any given time.

Additionally, users can securely store not only KNC tokens but also other digital assets on the app. Downloading the Tap mobile app provides users with access to verified cryptocurrencies and fiat wallets, allowing them to take advantage of a wide range of investment opportunities.

We're thrilled to share that our fintech company has just celebrated its third anniversary! It's been an incredible journey so far, and we're so grateful for the opportunity to serve our users every day.

When we first launched our platform three years ago, we had a clear mission in mind: to provide an innovative, user-friendly, and accessible way for people to manage their money, trade cryptocurrencies, and access financial services. It was a big goal, and we knew that we had a lot of hard work ahead of us.

But we were determined to succeed. Our small team of passionate and dedicated individuals worked tirelessly, day in and day out, to bring our vision to life. We poured our hearts and souls into this project, and we knew that we were onto something special.

Fast forward three years, and we're proud to say that we've come a long way. We've built a platform that we believe in, and we're constantly striving to improve it. We've listened to feedback from our users, and we've added new features and services that meet their needs. And we've built a community of passionate and engaged users who share our vision for a better way to manage their finance everyday.

One of the things that sets our company apart is our commitment to transparency and user experience. We believe that managing your finances should be easy, intuitive, and stress-free. That's why we've built our platform to be as user-friendly as possible, with clear and straightforward interfaces that make it easy to manage your money and digital assets.

But our success wouldn't be possible without our amazing users. We're so grateful for your continued support, feedback, and encouragement. You've helped us to shape our platform into something truly special, and we're committed to continuing to serve you and improve our platform to meet your needs.

As we celebrate our third anniversary, we're excited to look back on how far we've come and to look forward to all the exciting things that the future holds. We're proud of what we've accomplished, but we know that there's always more work to be done. We're committed to continuing to innovate and improve, and we're grateful to have you along for the ride.

Thank you for being part of our journey. Here's to many more years of growth, success, and innovation!

We are delighted to announce the listing and support of Balancer (BAL) on Tap!

BAL is now available for trading on the Tap mobile app. You can now Buy, Sell, Trade or hold BAL for any of the other asset supported on the platform without any pair boundaries. Tap is pair agnostic, meaning you can trade any asset for any other asset without having to worries if a "trading pair" is available.

We believe supporting BAL will provide value to our users. We are looking forward to continue supporting new crypto projects with the aim of providing access to financial power and freedom for all.

Balancer, a popular choice for traders and liquidity providers in the crypto space, is an AMM platform built on the Ethereum network that functions as a self-balancing weighted portfolio, liquidity provider, and price sensor. 

Balancer allows users to create liquidity pools of digital assets using smart contracts. These self-balancing index funds automatically adjust the proportion of assets in the Balancer pools to maintain their desired ratios, even as individual coin prices fluctuate.

The BAL token is the native utility token for the Balancer protocol, which is used to govern the platform and incentivize liquidity providers. The token was launched three months after the initial platform launch following the success of the COMP token on the Compound network. 

Get to know more about Balancer (BAL) in our dedicated article here.

Interest is a fundamental concept in the world of finance and economics. At its simplest, interest can be understood as the fee charged for borrowing money, or the amount earned on invested money. Understanding interest is essential for anyone seeking to manage their finances effectively, whether they are borrowing money, investing their savings, or simply trying to make informed decisions about their financial future.

In this article, we will explore the basics of interest, including how it is calculated, the different types of interest, and how to navigate interest in various financial situations. We will also provide real-life examples and valuable tips to help you make informed decisions about your money.

Types of Interest

There are two primary types of interest: landed money interest and earned interest. Landed money interest refers to the interest paid on borrowed money, while earned interest refers to the interest earned on invested money.

Landed Money Interest

Landed money interest, also known as borrowing interest, is the interest paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of money. This type of interest is charged on a wide range of financial products, including mortgages, car loans, personal loans, and credit cards.

The interest rate on a loan is typically expressed as a percentage of the amount borrowed, and is determined by a variety of factors, including the borrower's credit score, the term of the loan, and the lender's own risk assessment. The interest rate on a loan can have a significant impact on the overall cost of borrowing, with higher interest rates resulting in higher monthly payments and a greater total cost over the life of the loan.

For example, let's say you take out a $10,000 car loan with an interest rate of 5% per year, to be repaid over a five-year term. Over the course of the loan, you will pay a total of $1,322.74 in interest, in addition to the $10,000 principal amount. If the interest rate were increased to 8%, the total cost of the loan would rise to $1,845.87, a difference of over $500.

Earned Interest

Earned interest, also known as investment interest, is the interest earned on invested money. This type of interest is paid to investors by banks, governments, and other financial institutions in exchange for the use of their money.

The interest rate on investments can vary widely depending on the type of investment, the term of the investment, and the risk associated with the investment. For example, savings accounts and certificates of deposit (CDs) typically offer lower interest rates but are considered low-risk investments, while stocks and other securities can offer higher potential returns but are also considered higher risk.

For example, let's say you invest $10,000 in a CD with an interest rate of 2% per year for a five-year term. At the end of the term, you will have earned a total of $1,047.13 in interest, in addition to the $10,000 principal amount. If you had instead invested the same $10,000 in the stock market and earned an average annual return of 8%, your investment would have grown to $14,693.28 over the same five-year period.

Calculating Interest

The calculation of interest depends on a variety of factors, including the amount of the loan or investment, the interest rate, and the length of the loan or investment term. In general, the formula for calculating interest is as follows:
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Interest = Principal x Rate x Time

Where:
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• Principal is the amount borrowed or invested
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• Rate is the interest rate expressed as a decimal
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• Time is the length of the loan or investment term, expressed in years
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For example, let's say you invest $5,000 in a savings account with an interest rate of 2% per year, to be held for three years. Using the formula above, we can calculate the interest earned as follows:
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Interest = $5,000 x 0.02 x 3Interest = $300
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In this case, you would earn $300 in interest over the three-year term, in addition to the $5,000 principal amount.

Tips for Navigating Interest

Navigating interest can be challenging, particularly for those new to the world of finance. Here are some valuable tips to help you make informed decisions about interest in various financial situations:

1. Understand the terms of your loan or investment: Before taking out a loan or investing your money, make sure you understand the terms of the agreement, including the interest rate, term length, and any associated fees or penalties.
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2. Shop around for the best interest rates: When taking out a loan or investing your money, be sure to shop around for the best interest rates. Compare offers from multiple lenders or financial institutions to ensure you are getting the best deal.
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3. Consider the impact of compounding interest: When investing your money, consider the impact of compounding interest. Compounding interest is interest that is earned on both the principal amount and any accumulated interest, resulting in exponential growth over time.
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4. Avoid overexposure: Be careful not to overexpose yourself to any one type of investment or loan. Diversify your portfolio and consider spreading your investments across a range of asset classes to minimize risk.
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5. Take advantage of tax benefits: Some types of interest, such as mortgage interest and student loan interest, may be tax-deductible. Be sure to take advantage of any available tax benefits when borrowing or investing.

Real-Life Examples

Let's look at some real-life examples of interest in action:

1. Car loan: You take out a $20,000 car loan with an interest rate of 4% per year, to be repaid over a five-year term. Over the course of the loan, you will pay a total of $2,164.17 in interest, in addition to the $20,000 principal amount.
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2. Savings account: You deposit $10,000 in a savings account with an interest rate of 1% per year, to be held for three years. Over the three-year term, you will earn a total of $308.18 in interest, in addition to the $10,000 principal amount.
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3. Mortgage: You take out a $300,000 mortgage with an interest rate of 3.5% per year, to be repaid over a 30-year term. Over the course of the mortgage, you will pay a total of $184,968.79 in interest, in addition to the $300,000 principal amount.

In Conclusion:

Interest is a fundamental concept in the world of finance and economics, and understanding how it works is essential for anyone seeking to manage their finances effectively.

Whether you are borrowing money, investing your savings, or simply trying to make informed decisions about your financial future, understanding interest can help you make better decisions and maximize your potential returns. By considering the tips and real-life examples presented in this article, you can navigate interest with confidence and make informed decisions about your money.

ICO is an abbreviation for Initial Coin Offering, a term coined supposedly in 2013 yet only gained popularity in 2017. ICOs were created as a method of raising funds for cryptocurrency projects in a crowdfunding manner. When people partake in an ICO, through funding it, they receive "shares" of that project in the form of cryptocurrency tokens.

This method is set up to help new projects find funding to build their project, platforms, or products. It's very similar to investing in a start-up in the hopes of a project becoming bigger and better through your investment contribution.

Mastercoin was the first ICO recorded back in 2013, raising a grand total of 5,120 BTC. Shortly after, Ethereum followed, and in 2014 raised roughly $18 million to build their project. There is clearly a great deal of success to be seen through ICOs, so let's see what all the fuss is about.

ICO vs IPO vs IEO

Let's look at IPOs, or initial public offerings, to learn more about where ICOs originated.

Similar to ICOs, IPOs were created as a way of gaining capital to better the businesses' infrastructures. While they are similar to a crowdfunding aspect,the primary distinction is in how investors are rewarded. IPOs will offer their investors shares, while ICOs offer digital currencies that can be used within their ecosystems or can be sold when the price increases.

Now that we understand how ICOs and IPOs work, let's discuss the differences when it comes to IEOs, or Initial Exchange Offerings. Again, this is another method used to raise funds for upcoming projects, but there are some key aspects that make IEOs different to IPOs and ICOs. While IEOs are also a crowdfunding method in the cryptocurrency industry, they use an exchange. Anyone can generally buy tokens from an ICO page, whereas IEOs use exchanges as the distribution mechanism.

In order to take part in an IEO, you must be a registered user of the exchange that the project is utilizing. While IEOs may be more transparent, they do push us towards a more centralized approach. There are also IDOs, Initial Dex Offering, Dex standing for decentralized exchange (increasing the data privacy aspect), but that's a topic for another day.

How they work

So now we know what ICOs are and how they differ from their counterparts, but now let's delve deeper into how ICOs actually work. As stated, ICOs are a way for cryptocurrency projects to raise money. When a project decides to launch an ICO it will generally underline the sale dates, the participation rules, and the buying process.

Usually, investors will need to choose currencies they are happy to accept in exchange for their tokens, such as Mastercoin accepting Bitcoin. There are some ICOs who will also accept fiat currencies as payment.

The projects' core purpose, its timeline, and how much money is needed to succeed should be released in their whitepaper. If the project does not raise enough money to meet the minimum funds needed, the money should be returned to those who contributed. This would classify the ICO as unsuccessful.

If the funding goal is met, the project will continue to pursue its original goals and contributors will be able to claim their tokens further along. Tokens will either be listed on notable exchanges later on or will be distributed using smart contract technology,This is something you should do more study on before contributing to an ICO.

Advantages and disadvantages

While ICOs have proven to be a massive benefit to project developers, there are some underlying issues and risks that may come into play. In order to give you the best chance of understanding ICOs we will need to cover all the pros and cons that come with ICOs. So let's see what you have to look out for:

Pros

        High potential profits

        Accessible to anyone (unlike IEOs)

        Money returned if unsuccessful (smart contacts)

        Transparency on fund usage (Blockchain)

        High liquidity

Cons

        No intrinsic value

        No legal guarantees

        Potential fraud

Frequently asked questions

Now that we have covered the basics, there are some additional questions the internet has and we thought we would take the time to answer them for you. These are the most frequently asked questions about ICOs, and while we have answered some here is a more TL;DR breakdown:

What does ICO mean?

ICO stands for Initial Coin Offering, a phrase coined by the cryptocurrency industry.

What is the purpose of an ICO?

ICO is a method used to raise funds for up and coming projects, think of it as an early investment phase.

How do I get an ICO?

That depends on the ICO you want to partake in, you will generally need to sign up to the ICO, deposit funds, and wait for the tokens to be distributed either through an exchange or smart contract. This differs depending on the projects' ICO parameters.

Is Bitcoin an ICO?

No, Bitcoin required no funding, tokens were mined and sold without the need for crowdfunding.

How many ICOs are there?

There is no definitive number out there but consensus shows that there have been roughly over 7,000 businesses that have attempted ICOs.

Are ICOs safe?

This is a tricky question and depends greatly on the individual project that is hosting an ICO, whether they are using smart contact technology, and how legitimate the team behind it is. ICOs can be safe, but they also carry risks, it is always best to do your own research before investing.

As there is no universal authority on ICOs there is certainly a lack of regulation in the space so be sure to do thorough research before parting ways with your money.

Closing Thoughts

That is all the essential information you need to grasp in order to better understand what an ICO is. From the textbook definition to its competitors, how it works, and everything in between. ICOs are popular for a reason, they offer a range of benefits to both projects and investors, but you should keep in mind that there is no benefit without risk.

While we can explain what an ICO is, we can not tell you whether to invest in an ICO. It's important to vet the project for yourself and see if it aligns with your interests, and more importantly if it has all the key components for a legitimate project and token.

While the world is increasingly accepting of ICOs from both businesses and retail investors standpoints, there are several alternatives available. We briefly discussed IEOs and IDOs, but more crowdfunding methods have flourished from the origins of ICOs, so be sure to explore those out too. At the end of the day, we hope we helped you better understand what an ICO is.

Risk management involves identifying and analysing the risks involved, and then choosing whether to accept this risk or make changes to avoid the risk. This process is one we carry out daily, from crossing the street to engaging with a stranger, however, in this realm we’re looking at it from a finance/investment point of view. 

If you have a fund manager or financial adviser, they will generally be responsible for calculating and communicating the risks associated with any type of investment. This will cover the potential returns as well as the potential risks to your capital. 

For example, investing in an emerging asset will hold a lot more risk than buying the stocks of a well-established institution. It’s worth noting that high risk doesn’t necessarily equate to a negative, typically assets with higher levels of risk bring about higher levels of return (high risk, high reward).

Each person’s level of risk will vary from one to another and should be decided prior to making any investments. Once this is established, your investment portfolio will work within those realms so as to manage that level of risk. 

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